After the recent emergence of Covid -19 and its impact on human life and economy the subject of plant biosecurity assumed greater importance for also ensuring agricultural biosecurity worldwide. The Asia-Pacific comprising 46 countries is seeing frequent outbreaks and spread of devastating pests such as rice brown plant hopper, wheat rust, late blight of potato, fruit flies, etc. threatening food security and livelihood and also impacting the agricultural trade. Efforts are being made to apply control measures and to undertake surveillance programmes for important pests. The Regional Plant Protection Organization viz., Asia-Pacific Plant Protection Commission and Pacific Plant Protection Organization are playing important roles in conjunction with National Plant Protection Organizations to minimize the pest threat in the region, though new pests such as race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense on banana, Tuta absoluta on tomatoes, Magnaporthe oryzae on wheat, etc. continue to emerge and spread in certain countries. Pests such as South American Leaf Blight, devastating on rubber in Latin America has high potential to be introduced and spread in the region. The challenges in managing transboundary pests in the Asia-pacific region stems from the very fact that the member countries fall under different categories of development i.e. developed, developing and the least developed. This has a direct bearing on their resources and capacity and hence the operational quality in dealing with the problem. This poses a huge challenge in harmonising the quarantine norms to combat the transboundary movement of pests in the Asia-pacific region. Monitoring of emerging pests through surveillance and implementation of Standards for compliance to Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement of WTO, stricter quarantine measures and capacity building on various aspects including emergency measures to tackle outbreaks are the key challenges for ensuring biosecurity in the region. The Regional Organizations like Asia Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions and many national and international research, development and donor agencies are engaged in working towards various aspects of Plant Biosecurity in the region. Read Full Chapter